EFFICIENT AUTHENTICATION FRAMEWORK FOR INTERNET OF THINGS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17839837Keywords:
IoT Security, Emerging Threats, Network Vulnerabilities, Security FrameworkAbstract
This study explores both existing and emerging threats in IoT networks, including device exploitation, communication eavesdropping, malware dissemination, and large-scale distributed attacks. A detailed literature review is conducted to analyze current security mechanisms, recent research advancements, and evolving trends in IoT security.The review identifies key limitations in existing approaches, such as poor adaptability to dynamic threat landscapes, the absence of lightweight yet effective protection techniques, and inadequate implementation of end-to-end security frameworks. Addressing these gaps, the research formulates a problem statement centered on improving IoT network security through a scalable and efficient methodology.A comprehensive system architecture and methodological framework are proposed to mitigate identified vulnerabilities while maintaining compatibility with the resource constraints of IoT devices. The proposed solution is evaluated against existing techniques, focusing on detection accuracy, computational efficiency, and overall security enhancement. Comparative analysis shows that the approach delivers a more effective defense mechanism for IoT environments, emphasizing the need for advanced, adaptive, and practical security frameworks for future IoT deployments.
References
I. I. Cetintav and M. Tahir Sandikkaya, "A Review of Lightweight IoT Authentication Protocols From the Perspective of Security Requirements, Computation, Communication, and Hardware Costs," in IEEE Access, vol. 13, pp. 37703-37723, 2025, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2025.3546147.
II. A. Sharma, R. Suganya, P. B. Krishna, R. Raj and R. Kumar Murugesan, "Network Efficient Hierarchical Authentication Algorithm for Secure Communication in IoT and IoE," in IEEE Access, vol. 12, pp. 195926-195942, 2024, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2024.3516886.
III. Zhao, J.; Hu, H.; Huang, F.; Guo, Y.; Liao, L. Authentication Technology in Internet of Things and Privacy Security Issues in Typical Application Scenarios. Electronics 2023, 12, 1812. https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics12081812
IV. M. Bouzidi, N. Gupta, F. A. Cheikh, A. Shalaginov and M. Derawi, "A Novel Architectural Framework on IoT Ecosystem, Security Aspects and Mechanisms: A Comprehensive Survey," in IEEE Access, vol. 10, pp. 101362-101384, 2022, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2022.3207472.
V. N. M. Karie, N. M. Sahri, W. Yang, C. Valli and V. R. Kebande, "A Review of Security Standards and Frameworks for IoT-Based Smart Environments," in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 121975-121995, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3109886.
VI. Y. Lee, J. Yoon, J. Choi and E. Hwang, "A Novel Cross-Layer Authentication Protocol for the Internet of Things," in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 196135-196150, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3033562.
VII. Z. Liu, C. Guo and B. Wang, "A Physically Secure, Lightweight Three-Factor and Anonymous User Authentication Protocol for IoT," in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 195914-195928, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.3034219
VIII. N. Wang, T. Jiang, S. Lv and L. Xiao, "Physical-Layer Authentication Based on Extreme Learning Machine," in IEEE Communications Letters, vol. 21, no. 7, pp. 1557-1560, July 2020, doi: 10.1109/LCOMM.2017.2690437. .
IX. N. M. Karie, N. M. Sahri and P. Haskell-Dowland, "IoT Threat Detection Advances, Challenges and Future Directions," 2020 Workshop on Emerging Technologies for Security in IoT (ETSecIoT), Sydney, NSW, Australia, 2020, pp. 22-29, doi: 10.1109/ETSecIoT50046.2020.00009.
X. Jeffry Voas, Bill Agersti “ A Closer look at the IOT’s Things” published at IT Professional Vol. 20, Issue 3, May-2018.
XI. M. Mehta, H. Baldaniya and N. Goriya, "A Systematic Review of Authentication Methods for Internet of Things," 2020 IEEE International Conference for Innovation in Technology (INOCON), 2020, pp. 1-6, doi: 10.1109/INOCON50539.2020.9298304.
XII. El-hajj, Mohammed, Ahmad Fadlallah, Maroun Chamoun, and Ahmed Serhrouchni, "A Survey of Internet of Things (IoT) Authentication Schemes" Sensors 19, no. 5: 1141. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19051141
XIII. R. R. Pahlevi, V. Suryani, H. H. Nuha and R. Yasirandi, "Secure Two-Factor Authentication for IoT Device," 2022 10th International Conference on Information and Communication Technology (ICoICT), Bandung, Indonesia, 2022, pp. 407-412, doi: 10.1109/ICoICT55009.2022.9914866.
XIV. V. K. Rai, S. Tripathy and J. Mathew, "LPA: A Lightweight PUF-based Authentication Protocol for IoT System," 2023 IEEE 22nd International Conference on Trust, Security and Privacy in Computing and Communications (TrustCom), Exeter, United Kingdom, 2023, pp. 1712-1717, doi: 10.1109/TrustCom60117.2023.00233.
XV. A. N. Alsheavi et al., "IoT Authentication Protocols: Classification, Trend and Opportunities," in IEEE Transactions on Sustainable Computing, vol. 10, no. 3, pp. 515-533, May-June 2025, doi: 10.1109/TSUSC.2024.3492152.
XVI. Y. Zheng, W. Liu, C. Gu and C. -H. Chang, "PUF-Based Mutual Authentication and Key Exchange Protocol for Peer-to-Peer IoT Applications," in IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 3299-3316, 1 July-Aug. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TDSC.2022.3193570.
XVII. A. M. A. Modarres and G. Sarbishaei, "An Improved Lightweight Two-Factor Authentication Protocol for IoT Applications," in IEEE Transactions on Industrial Informatics, vol. 19, no. 5, pp. 6588-6598, May 2023, doi: 10.1109/TII.2022.3201971.
XVIII. D. He, Y. Cai, S. Zhu, Z. Zhao, S. Chan and M. Guizani, "A Lightweight Authentication and Key Exchange Protocol With Anonymity for IoT," in IEEE Transactions on Wireless Communications, vol. 22, no. 11, pp. 7862-7872, Nov. 2023, doi: 10.1109/TWC.2023.3257028.
XIX. Lin Wang, Honan An et al. “Security Enhancement on a Lightweight Authentication Schema with Anonymity Fog Computing Architecture”, IEEE Access, Vol.8, pp. 97267-97278, May-2020.
XX. Jason M. Mcginthy, Alan J. Michaels “Further Analysis of PRNG- Based Key Derivation Functions”, IEEE Access, Vol.7, pp. 95978-95986, July-2019.
XXI. E.Barker, NIST Special Publication, document 800-857, 2016.
XXII. Yuwen Chen, Joes-Fernam et al. “ A Lightweight Anonymous Client- Server Authentication Scheme for the Internet of Things Scenario: LAuth”, Sensors, 2018, 18, 3695.
XXIII. Lukas Nemec, Vashek Matyas et al. “Evaluating Dynamic Approaches to Key (Re-) Establishment in Wireless Sensor Networks”, Sensors, 2019, 19, 914
XXIV. Ana Reyna, Cristian Martin et al. “On blockchain and its integration with IoT. Challenges and opportunities”, Future Generation Computer Systems 88, Elseveir, pp. 173-190, 2018.
XXV. Jing Tian, Gang Xiong et al. “A Survey of Key Technologies for Constructing Network Covert Channel”, Security and Communication Networks, vol. 2020, Hindawai.
XXVI. Shiju Sathyadevan, Krishnashree Achuthan et al. “Protean Authentication Scheme- A Time-Bound Dynamic KeyGen Authentication Technique for IOT Edge Nodes in Outdoor Deployments”, IEEE Access, Vol. 7, pp. 92419-92435, 2019.
XXVII. Khawaja Mansoor, Anwar Ghani et al. “Securing IOT-Based RFID Systems: A Robust Authentication Protocol Using Symmetric Cryptography”, Sensors, 2019, 19, 4752.
XXVIII. Daniel A.F. Saraiva, Valderi Reis et al. “PRISEC: Comparision of Symmetric Key Algorithms for IOT Devices”, Sensors, 2019, 19, 4312.
XXIX. Mario Frustaci, Pasquale Pace et al. “Evaluating Critical security issues of the IOT world: Present and Future challenges”, IEEE Internet of Things Journal, 2017.
XXX. https://www.eclipse.org/community/eclipse_newsletter/2014/february/article2.php
Additional Files
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 International Educational Applied Scientific Research Journal

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.