CYBER CRIME LAWS AND DIGITAL EVIDENCE: EMERGING LEGAL CHALLENGES IN INDIA

Abstract

Cyber crime has emerged as a major challenge in the digital era due to the rapid growth of internet usage, online transactions, and technological dependence. In India, increasing adoption of digital platforms, mobile banking, e-commerce, and social media has created new opportunities for economic development, but it has also led to a rise in cyber fraud, hacking, identity theft, data breaches, cyber stalking, and online harassment. This paper examines the concept and nature of cyber crime, the legal framework governing cyber offences, and the growing importance of digital evidence in investigation and prosecution. It also analyses the admissibility of electronic evidence under Indian law and the challenges faced by enforcement agencies in dealing with evolving cyber threats. The study highlights the need for stronger cyber laws, advanced forensic infrastructure, public awareness, and institutional preparedness. A balanced legal and technological approach is essential to ensure cyber security, justice delivery, and trust in the digital ecosystem.